A bottle is a container for holding liquids. Bottles can be made from a variety of materials. They may be designed to store water, soft drinks, motor oil, cooking oil, medicine, shampoo and milk. Plastic bottles are typically constructed from high-density or low-density plastics and can be found in sizes ranging from very small to large carboys. Plastics are a group of organic polymers. These polymers are chemically bonded together to create a number of different products. These include plastic bottles, sheeting and tetrapaks.
The first artificially produced glass is believed to have been created in Egypt and Mesopotamia around 3500 BC. Since then, glass manufacturing has evolved from craftsmanship to today’s high-tech industrial processes that create a wide variety of glass types and applications. It is an important part of our cultural heritage, shaping our regions and communities like no other substance can. Glass has shaped the world’s art and architecture through masterpieces such as Bohemian crystal, Murano glass, the Mirros Gallery in Versailles’ palace and stained glass in Cathedrals. It shapes our living conditions, economics and technological deployments. Even the moon contains water encased in a glass-like substance formed by meteorite strikes.
Glass can be colored by adding ionically charged electrically distributed particles, such as iron oxide, to molten glass while it is in its melt state. This gives the glass a green tint that is especially noticeable on thick pieces or when used with scientific instruments. This coloration can be neutralized with traces of selenium and cobalt oxide or arsenic trioxide.
Plastics are a diverse group of organic molecules that are chemically bonded to form materials such as polyethylene and polystyrene. These polymers are then used to make a wide variety of products, including plastic bottles. In its raw, unprocessed state, plastic is a flexible material that can be molded into any shape. Bottles are manufactured from a number of different plastics, the most common of which is PET (polyethylene terephthalate), which is used to make soft drink and water bottles. The PET plastic is made by reacting petroleum hydrocarbons with ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid in a process called polymerization.
In the bottle-making process, PET pellets are heated to the point of liquidation and poured into long, thin molds that are shaped into bottles. These molds are called parisons and typically contain the necks that will be used to cap the final bottles. The parisons are then blown by air and heat to stretch and form into the shape of the finished bottle. The bottles are then cooled, separated and removed from the molds to be filled with product.
In television, many shows feature a few episodes that are particularly complex or require lots of extras. When this happens, the episode is often referred to as a “bottle episode.” An example would be Girls’ season two episode “One Man’s Trash,” which featured a lot of sets and extras. While this doesn’t fit the traditional definition of a bottle episode, creator Jenni Konner has defended the use of the term because it is meant to distinguish these episodes from simpler ones.